Deploy a Micronaut MySQL Database Application to Oracle Cloud

Learn how to deploy a MySQL Micronaut Database Application to Oracle Cloud.

Authors: Burt Beckwith

Micronaut Version: 4.6.3

1. Getting Started

In this guide, we will create a Micronaut application written in Java.

The application uses Micronaut Data JDBC and a MySQL database.

2. What you will need

To complete this guide, you will need the following:

Some time on your hands
A decent text editor or IDE (e.g. IntelliJ IDEA)
JDK 21 or greater installed with JAVA_HOME configured appropriately

Oracle Cloud CLI installed with local access to Oracle Cloud configured by running oci setup config
A paid or free trial Oracle Cloud account (create an account at signup.oraclecloud.com)

Your Oracle Cloud account must be a paid account or trial with credits available because there isn’t currently a free-tier option for MySQL.

3. Creating a MySQL DB System at Oracle Cloud

We’ll do the work of creating the database with the Oracle Cloud CLI. See the MySQL CLI command reference for more information.

According to the documentation, there are six required parameters for the create command; compartment OCID, shape name, DB system configuration OCID, subnet OCID, admin username, and admin password. However, there are two more parameters that will be needed, the availability domain and the database initial size.

3.1. Compartment OCID

Find the OCID of the compartment where we’ll be deploying. Run this to list all the compartments in your root compartment:

oci iam compartment list

and find the compartment by the name or description in the JSON output. It should look like this:

{
  "compartment-id": "ocid1.tenancy.oc1..aaaaaaaaud4g4e5ovjaw...",
  "defined-tags": {},
  "description": "Micronaut guides",
  "freeform-tags": {},
  "id": "ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...",
  "inactive-status": null,
  "is-accessible": null,
  "lifecycle-state": "ACTIVE",
  "name": "micronaut-guides",
  "time-created": "2021-05-02T23:54:28.392000+00:00"
}

Use the OCID from the id property; the compartment-id property is the parent compartment.

For convenience, save the compartment OCID as an environment variable. For Linux or Mac, run

export C=ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...

or for Windows, if using cmd run

set C=ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...

and if using PowerShell run

$C = "ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm..."

In the examples below we use Linux/Mac syntax for environment variables, e.g. -c $C. If you use Windows cmd, change those to -c %C% (but no change needed if using PowerShell)

3.2. DB Shape Name

Find the shape name for the database. Run this to list the available shapes in your compartment:

oci mysql shape list -c $C

For this guide we’ll use the smallest database size/shape (8 GB, 1 CPU) shape:

{
  "cpu-core-count": 1,
  "is-supported-for": [
    "DBSYSTEM"
  ],
  "memory-size-in-gbs": 8,
  "name": "MySQL.VM.Standard.E3.1.8GB"
}

3.3. DB System Configuration OCID

Find the OCID of the configuration for the database. Run this to list the available configurations in your compartment:

oci mysql configuration list -c $C

Use the id of the smallest configuration:

{
  "compartment-id": null,
  "defined-tags": null,
  "description": "Default Standalone configuration for the MySQL.VM.Standard.E3.1.8GB MySQL Shape",
  "display-name": "MySQL.VM.Standard.E3.1.8GB.Standalone",
  "freeform-tags": null,
  "id": "ocid1.mysqlconfiguration.oc1..aaaaaaaalwzc2a22xqm5...",
  "lifecycle-state": "ACTIVE",
  "shape-name": "MySQL.VM.Standard.E3.1.8GB",
  "time-created": "2018-09-21T10:00:00+00:00",
  "time-updated": null,
  "type": "DEFAULT"
},

3.4. Subnet OCID

To find the subnet OCID, first find the OCID of the subnet’s VCN. Run this to list the available VCNs in your compartment:

oci network vcn list -c $C

Use the id of the VCN you want:

{
  "cidr-block": "10.0.0.0/16",
  "cidr-blocks": [
    "10.0.0.0/16"
  ],
  "compartment-id": "ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...",
  "default-dhcp-options-id": "ocid1.dhcpoptions.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaahosh4fpep4jz...",
  "default-route-table-id": "ocid1.routetable.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaaet7wmwm27vzc...",
  "default-security-list-id": "ocid1.securitylist.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaadlkscc7uktdd...",
  "defined-tags": {},
  "display-name": "vcn-20210504-1214",
  "dns-label": "vcn05041217",
  "freeform-tags": {},
  "id": "ocid1.vcn.oc1.iad.amaaaaaabnqp5kqam6cm...",
  "ipv6-cidr-blocks": null,
  "lifecycle-state": "AVAILABLE",
  "time-created": "2021-05-04T16:17:08.461000+00:00",
  "vcn-domain-name": "vcn05041217.oraclevcn.com"
}

Then use the VCN OCID to find the OCID of the subnet. Run this to list the subnets in your VCN:

oci network subnet list -c $C \
    --vcn-id ocid1.vcn.oc1.iad.amaaaaaabnqp5kqam6cm...

Use the id of the subnet you want:

{
  ...
  "cidr-block": "10.0.0.0/24",
  "compartment-id": "ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...",
  "display-name": "subnet-20210504-1214",
  "id": "ocid1.subnet.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaaxgumfzpn6sul...",
  "time-created": "2021-05-04T16:17:10.593000+00:00",
  "vcn-id": "ocid1.vcn.oc1.iad.amaaaaaabnqp5kqam6cm...",
  ...
  "security-list-ids": [
    "ocid1.securitylist.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaadlkscc7uktdd..."
  ],
  ...
}

Save the OCIDs of the security lists in the response - we’ll need those in a later step.

3.5. Availability Domain

Find the availabilty domain where the database will be created. Run this to list the available domains in your compartment:

oci iam availability-domain list -c $C

Use the name of the subnet you want:

{
  "compartment-id": "ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...",
  "id": "ocid1.availabilitydomain.oc1..aaaaaaaauvt2n7pijol7...",
  "name": "nFuS:US-ASHBURN-AD-1"
}

3.6. Create the Cloud Database

The last required parameters are the admin username and password.

The username must be 1-32 characters, and it cannot contain ', `, ", or any of the following reserved names: ocirpl, ociadmin, administrator, mysql.sys, mysql.session, or mysql.infoschema.

The password must be 8-32 characters and contain at least one uppercase, one lowercase, one numeric, and one special character.

Additionally, we’ll specify the display name since the generated name will be something like mysqldbsystem20220203163902. Choose a name like "Micronaut_Guide_MySQL".

Also specify the initial database size; it must be at least 50 GB.

Run the create command with your OCIDs and other parameters substituted:

oci mysql db-system create -c $C \
    --shape-name MySQL.VM.Standard.E3.1.8GB \
    --configuration-id ocid1.mysqlconfiguration.oc1..aaaaaaaalwzc2a22xqm5... \
    --subnet-id ocid1.subnet.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaaxgumfzpn6sul... \
    --admin-username <your username> \
    --admin-password <your password> \
    --availability-domain nFuS:US-ASHBURN-AD-1 \
    --data-storage-size-in-gbs 50 \
    --display-name Micronaut_Guide_MySQL

The response should look like this:

{
  "data": {
    "analytics-cluster": null,
    "availability-domain": "nFuS:US-ASHBURN-AD-1",
    "backup-policy": {
      "defined-tags": null,
      "freeform-tags": null,
      "is-enabled": true,
      "retention-in-days": 7,
      "window-start-time": "07:11"
    },
    "channels": [],
    "compartment-id": "ocid1.compartment.oc1..aaaaaaaarkh3s2wcxbbm...",
    "configuration-id": "ocid1.mysqlconfiguration.oc1..aaaaaaaalwzc2a22xqm5...",
    "current-placement": {
      "availability-domain": null,
      "fault-domain": null
    },
    "data-storage-size-in-gbs": 50,
    "defined-tags": {},
    "description": null,
    "display-name": "Micronaut_Guide_MySQL",
    "endpoints": [],
    "fault-domain": null,
    "freeform-tags": {},
    "heat-wave-cluster": null,
    "hostname-label": null,
    "id": "ocid1.mysqldbsystem.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaa2pq3a37hftut...",
    "ip-address": null,
    "is-analytics-cluster-attached": false,
    "is-heat-wave-cluster-attached": false,
    "is-highly-available": false,
    "lifecycle-details": null,
    "lifecycle-state": "CREATING",
    "maintenance": {
      "window-start-time": "WEDNESDAY 07:09"
    },
    "mysql-version": null,
    "port": null,
    "port-x": null,
    "shape-name": "MySQL.VM.Standard.E3.1.8GB",
    "source": null,
    "subnet-id": "ocid1.subnet.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaaxgumfzpn6sul...",
    "time-created": "2022-02-03T16:39:02.762000+00:00",
    "time-updated": "2022-02-03T16:39:02.762000+00:00"
  },
  "etag": "0dea57803672c12742f7710f342bf...",
  "opc-work-request-id": "ocid1.mysqlworkrequest.oc1.iad.eb66e373-7274-40a..."
}

Note that the value for lifecycle-state is CREATING, so not all information (e.g. IP address) is available yet.

Save the database OCID from the id property in the response.

3.7. Retrieve Database Info

It will take a few minutes for the database to finish provisioning. Wait a bit and run the get command with the database OCID:

oci mysql db-system get \
    --db-system-id ocid1.mysqldbsystem.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaa2pq3a37hftut...

Once the lifecycle-state is ACTIVE you can make note of the IP address and port (it should be the default value of 3306):

"ip-address": "10.0.0.6",
"lifecycle-state": "ACTIVE",
"port": 3306,
"port-x": 33060

3.8. Create Ingress Rule

To allow our application to connect to the MySQL database, we need to create an ingress rule for port 3306 in the subnet.

Use the OCID of the security list you’ll be updating (that you saved earlier when finding the subnet OCID) to retrieve the current state:

oci network security-list get --security-list-id ocid1.securitylist.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaadlkscc7uktdd...

The output should look like this:

...
"id": "ocid1.securitylist.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaadlkscc7uktdd...",
"ingress-security-rules": [
  {
    "description": null,
    "icmp-options": null,
    "is-stateless": false,
    "protocol": "6",
    "source": "0.0.0.0/0",
    "source-type": "CIDR_BLOCK",
    "tcp-options": {
      "destination-port-range": {
        "max": 22,
        "min": 22
      },
      "source-port-range": null
    },
    "udp-options": null
  },
  ...
],
"lifecycle-state": "AVAILABLE",
...

The update command we’ll run will replace the existing rules with the data specified in the command, so the command must include the existing rules and a new one for port 3306.

Use a text editor to save the JSON list value of ingress-security-rules to a file, e.g. ingress.json.

Add a new object to the JSON list for the ingress rule on port 3306:

{
  "description": "MySQL",
  "isStateless": false,
  "protocol": "6",
  "source": "10.0.0.0/16",
  "sourceType": "CIDR_BLOCK",
  "tcpOptions": {
    "destination-port-range": {
      "max": 3306,
      "min": 3306
    }
  }
}

The final contents of ingress.json should look like this (it will have different rules, but will likely include one for SSH on port 22 and ICMP, plus the rule for port 8080 you added when creating the VM):

[
  {
    "description": null,
    "icmp-options": null,
    "is-stateless": false,
    "protocol": "6",
    "source": "0.0.0.0/0",
    "source-type": "CIDR_BLOCK",
    "tcp-options": {
      "destination-port-range": {
        "max": 22,
        "min": 22
      },
      "source-port-range": null
    },
    "udp-options": null
  },
  {
    "description": null,
    "icmp-options": {
      "code": 4,
      "type": 3
    },
    "is-stateless": false,
    "protocol": "1",
    "source": "0.0.0.0/0",
    "source-type": "CIDR_BLOCK",
    "tcp-options": null,
    "udp-options": null
  },

  ...

  {
    "description": "MySQL",
    "isStateless": false,
    "protocol": "6",
    "source": "10.0.0.0/16",
    "sourceType": "CIDR_BLOCK",
    "tcpOptions": {
      "destination-port-range": {
        "max": 3306,
        "min": 3306
      }
    }
  }
]

Run this to add the new ingress rule:

oci network security-list update \
    --security-list-id ocid1.securitylist.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaadlkscc7uktdd... \
    --ingress-security-rules file://ingress.json

4. Creating the Application

Download the complete solution of the Access a database with Micronaut Data JDBC guide. You will use the sample application as a starting point.

5. Deploying the Application

Use the Deploy a Micronaut application to Oracle Cloud guide to create a compute instance and deploy the application to it; follow the steps in the "Create an Oracle Cloud Compute Instance" and "Deploy to Oracle Cloud" sections up to the step where you start the application. We need to connect the application to the MySQL database before starting it up.

When creating the compute VM at Oracle Cloud, use the same subnet as the one where you created the MySQL database, otherwise the application will not be able to access the database.

6. Configure MySQL

Flyway will create the database tables the first time the application starts, but we must create the database and a database user first.

There are no direct ways to externally connect to a MySQL database in Oracle Cloud, so we’ll do the work from the compute instance.

6.1. MySQL client

Install the MySQL client:

sudo yum install mysql

Connect to MySQL with the admin username and password you chose earlier and with the MySQL IP address:

mysql --host <MySQL_IPAddress> -u <admin_username> -p

6.2. Create a database and user

Create the database (use any valid database name, e.g. micronaut):

CREATE DATABASE micronaut;

Create a database user (use any valid MySQL username, e.g. guide_user, and a valid password):

CREATE USER 'guide_user'@'<compute instance private IP address>' IDENTIFIED BY <user password>;

Grant access to the database for the new user:

GRANT ALL ON micronaut.* TO 'guide_user'@'<compute instance private IP address>';

Exit the MySQL console:

exit

7. Running the Application

With almost everything in place, we can start the application and try it out. First we need to set environment variables to configure the application datasource, then we can start the app.

Create environment variables for JDBC_URL, JDBC_USER, JDBC_PASSWORD which will be used in the Micronaut app’s application.yml datasource:

export JDBC_URL=jdbc:mysql://<MySQL IP address>:3306/micronaut
export JDBC_USER=guide_user
export JDBC_PASSWORD=<user password>

Start the application:

java -jar application.jar

You can test the application in a web browser, or with cURL.

Run this with the public IP address of your VM to create a new Genre:

curl -X "POST" "http://<public IP address>:8080/genres" \
     -H 'Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8' \
     -d $'{ "name": "music" }'

and run this to list the genres:

curl <public IP address>:8080/genres/list

8. Next Steps

When you are finished using the database you can delete it using the CLI. Run

oci mysql db-system delete \
    --db-system-id ocid1.mysqldbsystem.oc1.iad.aaaaaaaa2pq3a37hftut...